| Section | Bilobatae W. Becker | |
|---|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Type species | Viola verecunda A. Gray : {Nyoi Sumire} Published In: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n.s. 6(2): 382 (1858) |
| Variety |
Viola verecunda var. semilunaris Maxim. : {Agi Sumire}
Viola verecunda var. subaequiloba (Fr. et Sav.) F.Maek. : {Hime Agi Sumire}
Viola verecunda var. fibrillosa (W.Becker) Ohwi : {Miyama Tubo Sumire}
Viola verecunda var. yakusimana (Nakai) Ohwi : {Koke Sumire}
|
|
| Form |
Viola verecunda f. candidissima M.Mizush. ex E.Hama et Nackej. Published In: Wild Violets Jap. Col.: 130, t. 43; 17-19 (1975) Sirayuki Sumire
Viola verecunda f. violascens Hiyama ex F.Maek. : {Murasaki Komanotume}
Viola verecunda f. radicans Makino : {Hai Tubo Sumire}
|
|
| Synonym |
Viola alata Burgersdijk
Viola amurica W. Becker
Viola arcuata Blume f. radicans (Makino) Nakai
Viola carlesii Nakai
Viola hamiltoniana D. Don
Viola arcuata var. verecunda (A. Gray) Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1922、and so on.
|
|
| Origin | Viola verecunda : Shy, violacens : Light purple red | |
| Common names | 【Chinese】如意草（rúyìcǎo）, 【Korean】콩제비꽃 | |
| Stalk Form | A flower scape is extended from a stalk, and a flower blooms from each scape. | |
| Habitat | Grows wild in a place with moisture mind. To the inside of the wood of the footpath of the high ground from the flat ground, and a rice field to a plateau. | |
| Distribution | Japan domestic | It grows almost naturally in the Japanese whole country except for Nansei Islands (around Okinawa). |
| Japan overseas | Korea Peninsula, China, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Malaysia, India, and South‐East Asia area. | |
| Others | ||
| Flower | Shape | Very small size. Short hairs grow densely at the base of the side valve. |
| Color | White, purple-striate on low and side petal. | |
| Spur | Short and white. Hemispherical shape. | |
| Season | It blooms very late. | |
| Stigma | Inverted triangle. | |
| Aromatic | ||
| Others | No hairs on the flower stems. | |
| Leaf | Shape | 1 - 1.3cm long, 1.5 - 2cm wide. The whole is heart-shaped to kidney-shaped, and the base is heart-shaped. As for "Variety", often round. |
| Color | Both sides are dark green. There is little difference between the front and back. | |
| Others | The leaves are slightly glossy. Capsules are elongated. | |
| Seed | Shape | Very small. |
| Color | Brown to black. | |
| Others | The flowering number is high and the harvest number per individual is very high. | |
| Characteristics of roots | ||
| Endangered Information | ||
| Type Specimen | Hakadate in Hokkaido 1853 as "Viola arcuata". | |
| Chromosome Number | 2n=24 (Nishikawa, T. 1985. Chromosome counts of flowering plants of Hokkaido.) | |
| Reference Information | ||
| Others |  ← Nyoi : Buddhist monk |
|
