Section | Patellares (Boissier) Nakai | |
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Scientific Name | Type species | Viola mandshurica W. Becker : {Sumire} Published in: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54:179. (1917) |
Variety |
Viola mandshurica var. ikedaeana (W. Becker) F.Maek. : {Hokoba Sumire} Viola mandshurica var. triangularis (Fr. et Sav.) Mizushima : {Atuba Sumire} Viola mandshurica var. triangularis f. niijimensis (Nakai) F.Maek. et T.Hashim. : {Niijima Sumire} Viola mandshurica var. triangularis f. pubigera Hiyama ex F.Maek. : {Ke-atuba Sumire} |
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Form |
Viola mandshurica f. albo-variegata Hort. ex F.Maek. : {Nishiki Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. crassa (Tatew.) F.Maek.> : {Anama Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. dispar Honda : {Nokogiri Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. hasegawae Hiyama, 1956 : {Sirokane Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. horomuiensis Sugim., 1965, nom. nud. : {Horomui Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. macrantha (Maxim.) Nakai ex Kitag. : {Obana Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. plena Hort. ex F.Maek. : {Komoro Sumire} Viola mandshurica f. glabripetalla Hiyama : {Wakasyu Sumire} |
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Synonym |
Viola mandshurica f. macrantha (Maxim.) Nakai ex Kitag. Viola mandshurica var. boninensis (Nakai) M. Mizushima Viola mandshurica var. boninensis f. bicolor Viola niijimensis Nakai Viola patrinii var. triangularis Franch. & Sav. Viola taiwaniana Nakai |
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Origin | Viola mandshurica : Manchurian (Northeastern region of China), ikedaeana : person's name (S. Ikeda), triangularis : triangular, crassa : thick, fleshy |
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Common names | 【Chinese】东北堇菜、紫花地丁, 【Korean】제비꽃 | |
Stalk Form | The individual leaves and flowering stalks emerge directly from the rootstock. | |
Habitat | It grows wild in the bright prairie of a mountain high mainly. | |
Distribution | Japan domestic | Mostly distributed at the East Japan. West of central Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. I found in Kanto area. |
Japan overseas | Following mother class except for the shape of the leaf (Halberd or Sword form). | |
Others | ||
Flower | Shape | |
Color | ||
Spur | ||
Season | ||
Stigma | ||
Aromatic | ||
Others | ||
Leaf | Shape | Cage shape in flower season. Summer leaves sometimes spread widely at the base. Serrated teeth are low. |
Color | Green, shiny, slightly thick. It may be reddish with the stem. | |
Others | The number of leaves are not many. It tends to stand upright. | |
Seed | Shape | Following mother class. |
Color | ||
Others | ||
Characteristics of roots | Black brown. | |
Endangered Information | Kagoshima:Near Threatened | |
Type Specimen | Kirisima in Kagoshima Pref. May 16, 1926 by Seijiro Ikeda(Naming by Ryo Takeuchi) | |
Chromosome Number | 2n=48 | |
Reference Information | ||
Others | The Japanese call it "Hoko Ha" (the leaf like "Halberd" or "Sword"). |