Section		Patellares (Boissier) Nakai
Scientific Name	Type species	Viola chaerophylloides (Regal) W. Becker : {Nanzan Sumire} Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 2: 856 (1902)
	Variety	Viola chaerophylloides var. sieboldiana (Maxim.) Makino : {Higo Sumire} B. M. T. 19: 87 (1905)
	Form
	Synonym
	Origin	chaerophylloides: Shape is similar with Chaerophyllum.
Common names		【Chinese】南山堇菜、胡堇草、胡堇菜、【Korean】남산제비꽃
Stalk Form		The individual leaves and flowering stalks emerge directly from the rootstock.
Habitat		Growing in wide environment in the forest.
Distribution	Japan domestic	Distributing only over Tsushima in Japan.
	Japan overseas	China, Korean Peninsula, Russia (Siberia).
	Others
Flower	Shape	Medium (a corolla is about 15 - 20mm across). Hair at the base of the side valve.
	Color	From white to light purplish red.
	Spur	round.
	Season	Early.
	Stigma	Fragrance.
	Aromatic	Fragrance.
	Others	Diffused.
Leaf	Shape	A compound leaf that splits in five. Each lobe is wide.
	Color	Dark green. There is little difference between the front and back.
	Others	When expanded, it looks like a regular pentagon.
Seed	Shape	Fallen egg shape. Medium grain.
	Color	Dark brown. Seed pillow: shiny light brown white.
	Others
Characteristics of roots
Endangered Information
Type Specimen		南山 (남산), Namsan in Korea
Chromosome Number		2n=24 (LEE, Y. N., 1967, Chromosome Numbers of flowering plants in Korea. J. Korean Res. Inst. Ewha Women's Univ.)
Reference Information
Others