Section		Patellares (Boissier) Nakai
Scientific Name	Type species	Viola chaerophylloides (Regal) W. Becker : {Nanzan Sumire} Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 2: 856 (1902)
	Variety	Viola chaerophylloides var. sieboldiana (Maxim.) Makino : {Higo Sumire} B. M. T. 19: 87 (1905)
	Form
	Synonym
	Origin	chaerophylloides: Shape is similar with Chaerophyllum.
Common names		细裂堇菜 (xi lie jin cai)
Stalk Form		The individual leaves and flowering stalks emerge directly from the rootstock.
Habitat		In the forest bottoms showing a slight good drying per the positive of the mountainous district.
Distribution	Japan domestic	From Akita to Kyusyu in Japan.
	Japan overseas	The east northern part in China, Russia, the Korean Peninsura.
	Others
Flower	Shape	Medium (a corolla is about 15 - 20mm across). The side valve base is hairy.
	Color	Colors of the petals are usually white, purple-striate on low petal. A few red flower is seen in Kyushu.
	Spur	Usually a long cylinder.
	Season
	Stigma	Inverted triangle.
	Aromatic	Fragrance.
	Others	In western Japan, some individuals have red purple stripes behind the upper valve.
Leaf	Shape	A compound leaf that splits in five. 15 - 25mm long, 15 - 25mm wide in flower season.
	Color	Light green.
	Others	Summer leaf becomes quite large. However, form does not change mostly.
Seed	Shape	Fallen egg shape. Medium and small grains.
	Color	Dark yellow-brown. Seed pillow: white with no gloss.
	Others	The fruits are hairless and have reddish brown spots.
Characteristics of roots		White and thick. It is composed of a few large roots.
Endangered Information		Akita：ThreatenedⅠ, Miyagi：ThreatenedⅠ, Yamagata：ThreatenedⅠ, Niigata：ThreatenedⅡ, Gunma：ThreatenedⅠ, Titigi：Near Threatened, Saitama：Near Threatened, Tokyo：ThreatenedⅠ, Ishikawa：ThreatenedⅡ, Gifu：ThreatenedⅠ, Kyoto：準Threatened種、Osaka：ThreatenedⅡ, Tottori：Near Threatened, Yamaguchi：Near Threatened, Kochi：ThreatenedⅠ, Kagoshima：ThreatenedⅡ
Type Specimen		Nagasaki
Chromosome Number		2n=24
Reference Information
Others